Optimization of Bead Distribution and Improvement of Negative Pressure Strength in Metal Three-piece Cans Based on Testing and Simulation

GONG Guifen; YANG Nan; JIANG Ke; ZHANG Dingqian

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.03.011

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3) : 103-109. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.03.011

Optimization of Bead Distribution and Improvement of Negative Pressure Strength in Metal Three-piece Cans Based on Testing and Simulation

GONG Guifen^1a,1b,*, YANG Nan^1a,1b, JIANG Ke², ZHANG Dingqian²

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Abstract

The work aims to investigate the influence of bead position distribution on the negative pressure strength of metal three-piece cans through physical testing and simulation modeling. First, a universal testing machine was used to perform tensile tests on tin-plated thin steel sheets, yielding material parameters for simulation analysis. A finite element model of an existing four-bead can was established using HyperMesh software. LS-DYNA was employed to simulate its vacuum test process. The reliability of the model was verified by comparing the critical buckling pressures from simulation and physical testing. Through an orthogonal experimental design, the design variable was the bead spacing while bead width and depth were fixed. The effects of different bead distributions on the vacuum strength of the metal can body were analyzed, and the physical test data were compared with the finite element analysis results. The results of the model validation showed that the critical buckling pressures obtained from finite element simulation and physical testing were -71.69 kPa and -69 kPa, respectively, with a relative deviation of only 3.8%. This indicated that the established finite element model had high reliability. Based on this, multiple sets of optimized four-bead configurations that effectively enhance the vacuum strength of the can body were obtained through orthogonal experimental design. As a result, the critical buckling pressure of the metal three-piece can reach -78 kPa when the bead distribution is configured as "3544", representing an 12.69% increase over the baseline model strength. The feasibility of this process is progressively validated through physical testing. These findings provide a quantifiable parameter optimization method for lightweight design of thin-walled metal containers.

Key words

metal three-piece can / bead distribution / negative pressure strength / finite element simulation

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GONG Guifen, YANG Nan, JIANG Ke, ZHANG Dingqian. Optimization of Bead Distribution and Improvement of Negative Pressure Strength in Metal Three-piece Cans Based on Testing and Simulation[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(3): 103-109 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.03.011

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