Functional Design and Packaging Application Potential of Multi-functional Organic Silicone Foam

JIA Lingjie; JIA Xianbu; YANG Haojie; CHEN Eryu

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.21.005

PDF(7570 KB)

Packaging Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (21) : 41-51. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.21.005

Advanced Materials

Functional Design and Packaging Application Potential of Multi-functional Organic Silicone Foam

JIA Lingjie, JIA Xianbu, YANG Haojie, CHEN Eryu^*

Author information +

History +

Abstract

The work aims to systematically sort out the preparation methods and performance modification strategies of organic silicone foam, reveal its performance regulation mechanisms in terms of lightweight, shock absorption and high-efficiency flame retardancy, and provide a theoretical basis and technical paths for the development of multifunctional silicone foam materials. Starting from the core preparation method of organic silicone foam, this paper focused on the introduction of lightweight and shock absorption strategies such as cell structure regulation, polymer matrix reinforcement and nanocomposite modification, as well as additive, intrinsic and surface treatment flame retardant modification methods, and summarized its application prospects in the packaging field to provide a theoretical reference and technical direction for the development of multi-functional silicone foam materials. The results showed that the organic silicone foam could achieve lightweight and efficient shock absorption by optimizing the cell structure and modifying the matrix, and the flame retardancy of silicone foam could be improved through physical blending of flame retardants, design of intrinsic flame retardant polymer molecular chains, and construction of surface flame retardant coatings. The preparation and modification technology of organic silicone foam is becoming mature, and it is an ideal material for a new generation of high-performance protective packaging. In the future, efforts should be made to develop intelligent responsive foam systems, and expand their adaptability in extreme environments.

Key words

organic silicone foam / shock absorption / flame retardancy / packaging materials

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

JIA Lingjie, JIA Xianbu, YANG Haojie, CHEN Eryu. Functional Design and Packaging Application Potential of Multi-functional Organic Silicone Foam[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2025, 46(21): 41-51 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.21.005

References

[1] DAI B W, LIU Q, JIN F, et al.Adhesion Behaviors and Kinetics at Silicone Foam/Metal Interfaces[J]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2024, 225: 110772.
[2] REBANE I, LEVIN K J, MÄEORG U, et al. Enhanced Low-Density Silicone Foams Blown by Water-Hydroxyl Blends[J]. Polymers, 2023, 15(22): 4425.
[3] 孙锦游, 赵一囡, 任若菡, 等. 多功能阻燃有机硅泡沫材料的研究进展[J]. 有机硅材料, 2025, 39(2): 65-71.
SUN J Y, ZHAO Y N, REN R H, et al.Research Progress of Multifunctional Flame-Retardant Silicone Foam[J]. Silicone Material, 2025, 39(2): 65-71.
[4] MARL S, GIESEN R U, HEIM H P.Mullins Effect of Foamed Liquid Silicone Elastomers[J]. Journal of Cellular Plastics, 2025, 61(3): 161-181.
[5] CHEN Z Y, LIU S C, WU Y X, et al.Chemical-Physical Synergistic Assembly of MXene/CNT Nanocoatings in Silicone Foams for Reliable Piezoresistive Sensing in Harsh Environments[J]. Small, 2024, 20(51): 2406102.
[6] XU Y Z, ZHAO D, FANG X L, et al.“Mica/Silicate Glass Frit-Armored Skeleton” in PDMS Composite Foam for Improving Fire-Proofing Performance[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2023, 140(23): e53938.
[7] CALABRESE L, BONACCORSI L, FRENI A, et al.Silicone Composite Foams for Adsorption Heat Pump Applications[J]. Sustainable Materials and Technologies, 2017, 12: 27-34.
[8] 孙才英, 董子琳, 董懿嘉, 等. 阻燃剂甲基膦酸二甲酯对硬质聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响[J]. 塑料科技, 2017, 45(3): 90-94.
SUN C Y, DONG Z L, DONG Y J, et al.Effect of Flame Retardant Dimethyl Methylphosphonate on Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foam[J]. Plastics Science and Technology, 2017, 45(3): 90-94.
[9] ȘERBAN D A, LINUL E.Fatigue Behaviour of Closed-Cell Polyurethane Rigid Foams[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2023, 154: 107728.
[10] DONG M Y, WANG G, ZHANG X N, et al.An Overview of Polymer Foaming Assisted by Supercritical Fluid[J]. Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials, 2023, 6(6): 207.
[11] HUANG E B, LIAO X, ZHAO C X, et al.Effect of Unexpected CO₂’s Phase Transition on the High-Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry Performance of Various Polymers[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2016, 4(3): 1810-1818.
[12] 朱晓帅. 基于超临界CO₂发泡的TPU泡孔形态及表面微结构调控[D]. 郑州: 郑州大学, 2023.
ZHU X S.Regulation of TPU Pore Morphology and Surface Microstructure Based on Supercritical CO₂ Foaming[D]. Zhengzhou: Zhengzhou University, 2023.
[13] YAN H, WANG K, ZHAO Y.Fabrication of Silicone Rubber Foam with Tailored Porous Structures by Supercritical CO₂[J]. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 2017, 302(2): 1600377.
[14] TANG W Y, LIAO X, ZHANG Y, et al.Cellular Structure Design by Controlling Rheological Property of Silicone Rubber in Supercritical CO₂[J]. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2020, 164: 104913.
[15] MÉTIVIER T, CASSAGNAU P. Foaming Behavior of Silicone/Fluorosilicone Blends[J]. Polymer, 2018, 146: 21-30.
[16] PENG L G, LEI L, LIU Y Q, et al.Improved Mechanical and Sound Absorption Properties of Open Cell Silicone Rubber Foam with NaCl as the Pore-Forming Agent[J]. Materials, 2021, 14(1): 195.
[17] MARL S, GIESEN R U, HEIM H P.Liquid Silicone Rubber Foamed with Thermoplastic Expandable Microspheres[J]. Materials, 2022, 15(11): 3779.
[18] HAN T L, GUO B F, ZHANG G D, et al.Facile Synthesis of Hollow Glass Microsphere Filled PDMS Foam Composites with Exceptional Lightweight, Mechanical Flexibility, and Thermal Insulating Property[J]. Molecules, 2023, 28(6): 2614.
[19] 夏乔琦, 李扬, 曹承飞, 等. 硅橡胶泡沫复合材料的制备、性能与应用[J]. 中国材料进展, 2018, 37(3): 168-177.
XIA Q Q, LI Y, CAO C F, et al.Preparation, Properties and Application of Silicone Rubber Foam Composites[J]. Materials China, 2018, 37(3): 168-177.
[20] XIE Z X, WEI Z J, MENG Y Y, et al.Robust CoFe₂O₄@Carbon Nanotube/Polydimethylsiloxane Foams with Low Thermal Conductivity for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding[J]. ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2023, 6(23): 21733-21740.
[21] ALEX A S, THOMAS D, MANU S K, et al.Addition-Cure, Room Temperature Vulcanizing Silicone Elastomer Based Syntactic Foams with Glass and Ceramic Microballoons[J]. Polymer Bulletin, 2018, 75(2): 747-767.
[22] RUBINSZTAJN S, CHOJNOWSKI J, MIZERSKA U.Tris(Pentafluorophenyl)Borane-Catalyzed Hydride Transfer Reactions in Polysiloxane Chemistry-Piers-Rubinsztajn Reaction and Related Processes[J]. Molecules, 2023, 28(16): 5941.
[23] ESIN A S, CHERNYSHEVA A I, YURASOVA E A, et al.Hydrosilylation Vs. Piers-Rubinsztajn: Synthetic Routes to Chemically Cross-Linked Hybrid Phosphazene-Siloxane 3D-Structures[J]. Polymers, 2025, 17(14): 1967.
[24] ZHANG C Y, QU L J, WANG Y N, et al.Thermal Insulation and Stability of Polysiloxane Foams Containing Hydroxyl-Terminated Polydimethylsiloxanes[J]. RSC Advances, 2018, 8(18): 9901-9909.
[25] 汪曼秋. 有机硅多孔复合隔热材料的构筑与性能研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2023.
WANG M Q.Fabrication and Properties of Silicone Porous Composite Thermal Insulation Materials[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2023.
[26] GUO J H, WANG J K, WANG W Q, et al.The Fabrication of 3D Porous PDMS Sponge for Oil and Organic Solvent Asorption[J]. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy,2019, 38(s1):S86-S92.
[27] HOFMANN T, GIESEN R U, HEIM H P.High Consistency Silicone Rubber Foams[J]. Polymers, 2024, 16(9): 1181.
[28] ZHAO J, LUO G X, WU J, et al.Preparation of Microporous Silicone Rubber Membrane with Tunable Pore Size via Solvent Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2013, 5(6): 2040-2046.
[29] BEDARF P, DUTTO A, ZANINI M, et al.Foam 3D Printing for Construction: A Review of Applications, Materials, and Processes[J]. Automation in Construction, 2021, 130: 103861.
[30] YANG Z R, WEN J P, ZHANG G Q, et al.Mechanical Characteristics of Multi-Level 3D-Printed Silicone Foams[J]. Materials, 2024, 17(16): 4097.
[31] XU K, LI D Y, SHANG E W, et al.A Heating-Assisted Direct Ink Writing Method for Preparation of PDMS Cellular Structure with High Manufacturing Fidelity[J]. Polymers, 2022, 14(7): 1323.
[32] JI Z Y, XU B G, SU Z Y, et al.Advanced Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Silicone Rubber with High Precision and Superior Stability[J]. International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, 2025, 7(2): 025001.
[33] QUAN H Y, ZHANG T, XU H, et al.Photo-Curing 3D Printing Technique and Its Challenges[J]. Bioactive Materials, 2020, 5(1): 110-115.
[34] ZHAO Z H, JI J W, ZHANG Y, et al.Ultra-Elastic Conductive Silicone Rubber Composite Foams for Durable Piezoresistive Sensors via Direct Ink Writing Three-Dimensional Printing[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 504: 158733.
[35] KARAGIORGIS X, KHANDELWAL G, BENIWAL A, et al.Polydimethylsiloxane Foam-Based Fully 3D Printed Soft Pressure Sensors[J]. Advanced Intelligent Systems, 2024, 6(10): 2300367.
[36] HAN W, KONG L B, XU M.Advances in Selective Laser Sintering of Polymers[J]. International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, 2022, 4(4): 042002.
[37] SATHIES T, SENTHIL P, ANOOP M S.A Review on Advancements in Applications of Fused Deposition Modelling Process[J]. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2020, 26(4): 669-687.
[38] TANG W Y, SHI S Z, WANG B, et al.Constructing Structure-Gradient Silicone Rubber/CNTS Foam with Desirable Resilience and Strength via Green Supercritical CO₂ Foaming of Non-Equilibrium Gas Concentration Profiles[J]. Sustainable Materials and Technologies, 2024, 40: e00943.
[39] LI D L, DENG W X, JIN Z F, et al.Bioinspired Silicone Rubber Foams with Adjustable Gradient Structures Induced via Temperature Fields[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2025, 142(16): e56765.
[40] ZHENG W, DENG W X, XIONG S F, et al.Synergistic Inherent and Dynamic Cross-Links for Self-Healable Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer Foams[J]. ACS Applied Polymer Materials, 2025, 7(6): 3945-3953.
[41] WU Y Y, WU Z H, CHEN Z Y, et al.Large-Scale and Facile Fabrication of Phenyl-Containing Silicone Foam Materials with Lightweight, Wide-Temperature Flexibility and Tunable Pore Structure for Exceptional Thermal Insulation[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 492: 152183.
[42] SHI S Z, ZHANG Y, LUO Y, et al.Reinforcement of Mechanical Properties of Silicone Rubber Foam by Functionalized Graphene Using Supercritical CO₂ Foaming Technology[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2020, 59(51): 22132-22143.
[43] BAI J W, LIAO X, HUANG E B, et al.Control of the Cell Structure of Microcellular Silicone Rubber/Nanographite Foam for Enhanced Mechanical Performance[J]. Materials & Design, 2017, 133: 288-298.
[44] YU Z, SONG Y F, YANG L J, et al.Lightweight and Flame Retardant Fluorosilicone Rubber Composited Foam Prepared by Supercritical Nitrogen[J]. Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, 2023, 29(5): 901-908.
[45] DU W N, ZHANG Z J, HUANG H, et al.Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of Silicone Rubber Foam Composite Reinforced with ZnNiAl Layered Double Hydroxides[J]. Journal of Polymer Research, 2023, 30(10): 384.
[46] 李佳豪. 本征阻燃有机硅弹性泡沫的制备与性能研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2024.
LI J H.Study on the Preparation and Properties of Intrinsic Flame-Retardant Silicone Elastic Foam[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2024.
[47] CHEN H Y, CHEN Z Y, MAO M, et al.Self-Adhesive Polydimethylsiloxane Foam Materials Decorated with MXene/Cellulose Nanofiber Interconnected Network for Versatile Functionalities[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2023, 33(48): 2304927.
[48] LIN T, SHANG K, LIN G D, et al.Ceramifiable Flame-Retardant Silicone Rubber Foam for Long-Term Fire Resistance and Thermal Insulating[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 519: 165733.
[49] SHEN F X, LI Y, CHEN Z Y, et al.Lightweight, Surface Hydrophobic and Flame-Retardant Polydimethylsiloxane Foam Composites Coated with Graphene Oxide via Interface Engineering[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings, 2024, 189: 108276.
[50] CAO C F, WANG P H, ZHANG J W, et al.One-Step and Green Synthesis of Lightweight, Mechanically Flexible and Flame-Retardant Polydimethylsiloxane Foam Nanocomposites via Surface-Assembling Ultralow Content of Graphene Derivative[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 393: 124724.
[51] KUMAR A, ALI MOLLAH A, KESHRI A K, et al.Development of Macroporous Silicone Rubber for Acoustic Applications[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2016, 55(32): 8751-8760.
[52] ZHANG G D, WU Z H, XIA Q Q, et al.Ultrafast Flame-Induced Pyrolysis of Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) Foam Materials Toward Exceptional Superhydrophobic Surfaces and Reliable Mechanical Robustness[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2021, 13(19): 23161-23172.