The work aims to address the issue of path complexity caused by the diversification and temporary changes in customer delivery modes in express logistics, optimize the express delivery routes under the dynamic delivery mode, reduce the delivery costs of enterprises, and improve delivery efficiency and service response capabilities. A multi-vehicle path optimization model incorporating time window constraints was constructed. Three strategies were designed: no priority, express locker priority, and door-to-door delivery priority, with delivery cost and time window penalty cost as the objective functions. The simulated annealing-enhanced cellular genetic algorithm (SACGA) was proposed for a solution, and the optimization effects of the three strategies in a dynamic environment were compared. SACGA outperformed SA, GA, and CGA algorithms in both accuracy and efficiency. In terms of total cost, Strategy 3 reduced costs by 37.4% and 50% compared with Strategies 1 and 2, respectively, with the optimal path structure, the fewest visits to parcel lockers, and the shortest path length, significantly improving delivery efficiency. It is evident that the constructed model and algorithm can effectively address the issue of temporary changes in delivery modes. Strategy 3 combined with SACGA demonstrates optimal performance in dynamic environments, demonstrating strong practical applicability and promotional value.
Key words
path optimization /
delivery mode /
SACGA algorithm /
time window
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