Design of a Self-powered System for Passive Wireless Measurement of Temperature, Humidity and Pressure in the Power Switchgear

RUAN Jinghui; WU Ningcheng; XU Puming; LIU Yun; FAN Yanping

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.13.022

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (13) : 197-204. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.13.022

Design of a Self-powered System for Passive Wireless Measurement of Temperature, Humidity and Pressure in the Power Switchgear

RUAN Jinghui¹, WU Ningcheng², XU Puming¹, LIU Yun¹, FAN Yanping^2,*

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Abstract

Due to the power supply issue of temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors in the power switchgear, the work aims to propose a technology enabling wireless sensor nodes to achieve self-powering. A wireless self-powered system based on Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH) has been proven to be a more effective solution. A high-efficiency rectifier with a wide input power range was designed for low-power wireless sensing systems. A harmonic suppression network was employed to control the second and third harmonics, and a π-type matching network was designed to enhance the overall efficiency. Based on this rectifier, an RFEH system suitable for passive wireless sensing systems was developed. The performance of the rectifier circuit was validated through simulation and testing, showing an energy harvesting efficiency above 50% within the input power range of -7.5 to 15 dBm, achieving a peak conversion efficiency of 71.6% at 9 dBm, and maintaining a conversion efficiency of 30% at -14 dBm, making it suitable for low-power IoT applications. Finally, a passive temperature, humidity, and pressure sensing system based on this RFEH system was constructed. Experimental results demonstrated that this system could monitor temperature, humidity, and pressure in real time at a distance of 2 m. The system designed in this study is of significant importance for low-power IoT applications, such as wireless sensing systems.

Key words

Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH) / wireless self-powered system / wireless sensing system / rectifier / Dickson voltage multiplier circuit

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RUAN Jinghui, WU Ningcheng, XU Puming, LIU Yun, FAN Yanping. Design of a Self-powered System for Passive Wireless Measurement of Temperature, Humidity and Pressure in the Power Switchgear[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2025, 46(13): 197-204 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.13.022

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