Alloy steel usually has high strength and hardness and can be used as protective materials. The work aims to quantitatively study the dynamic recrystallization stress of alloy steel such as high-strength steel in a wide temperature range. Based on the Li'principle pf energy equivalence, a theoretical characterization model for the temperature-dependent dynamic recrystallization of alloy steel without fitting parameters was established by considering the equivalent contribution of dislocation energy and thermal energy to the steady-state flow of the material from the perspective of growth and annihilation of dislocation. The results predicted by the model were in good agreement with the experimental results obtained from 5 groups of dynamic recrystallization steady-state stress, and the maximum error was 1.9%, which realized the reasonable prediction of the dynamic recrystallization steady-state stress of alloy steel. By analyzing the quantitative effects of elastic modulus and yield strength on the steady-state stress of dynamic recrystallization and its evolution with temperature, it was found that the steady-state stress of alloy steel could be increased by increasing the yield strength and elastic modulus within a certain temperature range. This work provides an effective method for quantitative evaluation of dynamic recrystallization steady-state stress of alloy steel in a wide temperature range, and provides a theoretical basis for establishing the force-thermal coupling constitutive relationship in a wide temperature range.