The work aims to explore the application of electrospinning technology in smart active packaging, with the goal of developing packaging systems capable of controlled release based on various stimuli (such as pH, enzymes, humidity, temperature, and light), so as to extend food shelf life and enhance food safety. The fundamental principles of electrospinning technology were reviewed, its application characteristics in smart active packaging were analyzed, and recent advancements in smart controlled-release packaging based on different stimuli were summarized.The analysis indicated that electrospinning technology enabled the fabrication of nanofiber materials with high porosity, high specific surface area, and high loading capacity and tunable structures, demonstrating great potential in smart active packaging. Compared with the traditional packaging methods, the packaging materials prepared by the electrospinning technology have superior performance in terms of active substance encapsulation efficiency, slow/controlled release performance, and environmental response characteristics, etc. The controlled-release mechanisms triggered by different stimuli have been extensively studied, and related packaging materials have shown promising effects in prolonging food shelf life and maintaining quality. Electrospinning technology provides an efficient and controllable approach for the development of smart active packaging, which has a broad application prospect in the fields of fresh food and dairy packaging. Future research can combine biodegradable materials, nanocomposite functional modification and other strategies to promote the large-scale production and commercialization of electrostatic spinning smart active packaging.