The work aims to explore the compressive test and simulation of metal three-piece can bodies under different micro-arch reinforcement structures, and study the compressive strength of the can bodies under such structures. Firstly, the physical property parameters of the material were obtained through tensile test of metal materials. ANSYS Workbench/LS-DYNA was used to simulate the radial compression of three kinds of three-piece cans with 1 mm, 1.5 mm and 2 mm outward micro-arch reinforcement structures as well as straight-body beaded cans, and the maximum contact force of the four types of cans was obtained under the same deformation conditions. Secondly, radial compression tests were conducted on the existing straight-body beaded cans and the three-piece cans with 1.5 mm micro-arch reinforcement structure under the same deformation conditions, and the maximum compression force was recorded. Finally, the test data and finite element analysis results were compared and analyzed. The compressive strength of the can bodies was affected by the three amplitudes of the micro-arch reinforcement structures, among which the 1.5 mm micro-arch reinforcement structure had the greatest effect on the strength of the can bodies. On the premise of ensuring the strength of the can bodies and the internal volume at the same time, 0.23 mm thick material could be used instead of the existing 0.25 mm thick material. The metal three-piece can body can effectively improve the compressive strength under the outward micro-arch reinforcement structure of 1.5 mm. After the can body material is thinned and reduced, 11.42% of the material can be saved, which is of great significance for production.