The work aims to establish a special detection method for key indicators of tobacco lining paper, and primarily analyze the affecting factors of related indicators, to provide theoretical basis for their specific application. The corresponding research methods and national standards were used to detect some key indicators (moisture permeability and formability) and microscopic characteristic indicators (thickness, paper surface pH value, and fiber composition) of tobacco lining paper. Further, the effect of corresponding microscopic characteristic indicators on key indicators was analyzed. The moisture permeability and formability of different types of tobacco lining paper were measured by research methods. It was found that the moisture permeability and formability of composite inner lining papers were low, which were 0.554 4-2.046 g/(m2.24 h) and 22°-26°, respectively, and the moisture permeability and formability of transfer aluminum plated inner lining paper and aluminum free inner lining paper were not significantly different. The microscopic characteristics of the inner lining paper had a certain impact on the formability of the sample. Generally, with the increasing of thickness, the formability of the inner lining paper also increased. As the dosage of broad-leaved wood pulp increased, the formability tended to decrease. An effective detection method of moisture permeability and formability of tobacco lining paper was established and the impact of microscopic characteristic parameters on macroscopic characteristics is analyzed, which has certain theoretical and application value.