The work aims to identify the most relevant life cycle stages and processes in the production process of the pulp molding eyeglass case made from bamboo and sugarcane fibers by quantifying the environmental impact of the whole life cycle and make suggestions for improvement. Based on the EU product environmental footprint method, SimaPro software and Ecoinvent database were used to model the life cycle of the eyeglass case, EF 3.1 method was employed to quantify the potential environmental footprint, and life cycle interpretation and analysis were conducted. Climate change, fossil resource utilization, particulate matter, acidification and photochemical ozone formation were the most relevant environmental effects in the production of the pulp molding eyeglass case. The result of climate change caused by the production of 1 000 kg pulp molding eyeglass case was 6164.25 kg CO2 eq., which was mainly related to the electricity and steam consumption in the pulp board manufacturing and product molding process. Replacing conventional electricity with clean energy could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% during production. Compared with complete incineration and landfilling, the climate change impact of recycled pulp molding eyeglass case could be reduced by 8.78%-20.11%. Reducing the power consumption in the production process, accelerating the transformation of clean energy and constructing the recycling system of pulp molding waste can reduce the environmental footprint and promote the sustainable development of pulp molding.