The work aims to investigate the effect of nanocellulose (CNF) and hydrophobic nano-silica (SN-SiO2) composite coatings on the properties of kraft wrapping paper. Methyltrimethoxy-silane (MTMS) was used to modify CNF to prepare silanized nanocellulose (SCNF). Different amounts of SN-SiO2 were added to prepare the coatings by physical blending, and the coatings were applied to kraft paper. Then, the effects of different amounts of SCNF/SN-SiO2 composite coating materials on the water vapor barrier properties, oxygen permeability properties, water resistance, and tensile properties of kraft wrapping paper were investigated. The oxygen permeability of SCNF/SN-SiO2 composite coated paper increased significantly, reaching a maximum of 302.569 cm3/(m2.d.0.1 MPa), and the 1% SN-SiO2 coated paper had the best water vapor barrier properties. The paper with Cobb60 value and Max value of 2% SN-SiO2 showed the best water resistance. The tensile index and elongation at break of 1% SN-SiO2 coated paper were the best, increasing by 5.34% and 5.26%. SCNF/SN-SiO2 composite coating material not only improves the water vapor barrier property of the coated paper but also improves the oxygen permeability property and the water resistance of the coated paper significantly, and has little effect on the tensile property. The coated paper with water vapor barrier and good oxygen permeability prepared in this work is expected to be used in the packaging and storage of tangerine and orange peel of Chinese medicinal materials. It is free from the effect of water vapor while aging with oxygen, which provides a new idea for developing green environmental protection packaging.