The work aims to compare the energy efficiency of axial flow pneumatic conveying wheat system and cyclone pneumatic conveying wheat system. CFD-DEM was used to simulate the axial flow and cyclone conveying of wheat grains in the horizontal pipeline, the multi-phase inflow and injection velocity was 20 m/s, and the cyclone transportation plus five make-up air pipelines had an incident velocity of 30 m/s. Through simulation experiments, the deposition state of wheat grains, the velocity of wheat grains, the pressure drop of the conveying system, and the energy consumption of the system in axial flow conveying and cyclone conveying were compared. It was found that the cyclone conveying was significantly better than the axial flow conveying, in which the grains spiraled forward, and the conveying effect was better. The experimental verification showed that the conveying effect was consistent with the simulation results. Under the same working conditions, the cyclone conveying can effectively inhibit the deposition of grains, distribute grains evenly, reduce the friction with the pipeline effectively and realize longer conveying distance, higher conveying efficiency and good conveying effect.