The work aims to address the phenomenon of cigarette blockage, slub cigarette, and excessively large cigarette label in the YJ17 wire supply system of the ZJ17 cigarette machine. The method of the fluid simulation analysis software Solidworks Simulation, orthogonal experiments, and experimental verification was used to design and optimize the air chamber device of the YJ17 cigarette supply system. Through simulation of effect of different shapes, quantities, and positions of positive pressure air inlets on the operation efficiency and product quality of equipment, three optimal combinations were found. When the positive pressure air inlet shape was circular, with 3 positive pressure air inlets and a distance of 15 mm between the positive pressure air inlet and the edge of the air chamber, the air flow in the chamber was more uniform. When the cigarette left the throwing roller and was subject to the maximum and most uniform downward blowing force, the cigarette quickly reached the suction strip. After the improvement of the air chamber, the number of cigarette blockages decreased by 39.3%, and the SD value (weight deviation of 20 cigarettes) decreased by 25%, effectively improving the equipment operation efficiency and cigarette product quality. Based on simulation and orthogonal experimental results, optimizing the position and diameter of the air outlet and the flow field analysis results of the air chamber can provide certain technical support for the cigarette suction molding and the optimization of the air chamber structure.