The work aims to explore a design scheme of lightweight high-strength composite packaging boxes to meet the needs of mass transportation and strong environmental adaptability and rapid support of product containerization. Firstly, the design requirements of packaging boxes were analyzed to clarify the design points of packaging boxes. Secondly, the design was carried out from three aspects:performance, structure and process. Based on the design characteristics of composite materials, the design of reinforcing material, matrix material and core material was carried out according to the optimal design idea of the system, and the design method of boxes was proposed. Aiming at the long-term storage problem of products, the key sealing structure design of airtight packing boxes was proposed. Based on the low thermal conductivity polyurethane insulation material, the structure of packaging boxes was designed to meet the insulation requirements of packaging boxes in harsh environments. Combined with the low cost design requirements of packaging boxes, a process technology route of packaging boxes was put forward. The pressure bearing capacity of packaging boxes could reach more than 20 kPa, which could adapt to the environment of high temperature 60 ℃ and low temperature –55 ℃. The pressure drop 72 h after inflation was not more than 10%, and it could meet the requirements of stacking, hoisting and fork loading. The composite packaging boxes can meet the needs of rapid and efficient support of our military ammunition, and have broad market prospects and promotion value.