The work aims to investigate the effect of typical fluid related dimensionless parameters on the spreading behavior of ink droplets on a smooth substrate surface, and determine the effect law of each dimensionless parameter on the spreading diameter, spreading factor, and stable spreading time. Ansys software was used to establish a numerical calculation model for ink droplet impacting a smooth wall. The VOF model was used to track the droplet shape, and the PISO algorithm was used to calculate the pressure velocity coupling. Weber number, Reynolds number and Ohnesorge number were introduced to analyze the spreading behavior of ink droplets impacting the smooth substrate surface. The maximum spreading diameter, final equilibrium spreading diameter, maximum spreading factor and final spreading time of ink droplets under different Weber numbers, Reynolds number points and Ohnesorge numbers were calculated. Weber number and Reynolds number have a greater impact on the maximum spreading diameter of ink droplets, and have a smaller impact on the final equilibrium diameter. The smaller the Weber number or Reynolds number is, the shorter the retraction stage is, and the faster the equilibrium reaches. Weber number and Reynolds number are positively correlated with the maximum spreading factor. Ohnesorge number has little effect on the maximum spreading diameter and final equilibrium diameter of ink droplets. The smaller the Ohnesorge number is, the shorter the retraction stage is, and the faster the equilibrium reaches. There is a slight positive correlation between the Ohnesorge number and the maximum droplet spreading factor.