The work aims to investigate the effect of major structural parameters on the out-of-plane cushioning performance of regularly arranged concave pentagonal honeycomb array structures. A finite element model of the out-of-plane cushioning performance of the honeycomb structure was developed with the help of Ansys Workbench/ LS-DYNA software for simulation, and the effects of different depression angles, wall-thickness-side-length ratios on the stress, deformation mode, and energy absorption per unit volume of the out-of-plane plateau stress were investigated. The concave pentagonal honeycomb array structure exhibited different deformation mode at different compression velocities. When the relative density was certain and the depression angle was 0<θ<63.435°, the out-of-plane plateau stress and energy absorption per unit volume of the structure decreased first and then increased with the increase of the depression angle, in which the plateau stress was the largest at the depression angle of 25°~35°, and the energy absorption per unit volume was the largest at the depression angle of 20°~30°, and the maximum depression angle of θ=63.435° showed the phenomenon of increasing again in both plateau stress and energy absorption per unit volume. At a certain depression angle, the larger the wall-thickness-side-length ratio, the larger the out-of-plane plateau stress and energy absorption per unit volume of the structure, both of which showed exponential relations. Based on the finite element calculation results, the deformation mode of concave pentagonal honeycomb array structure at different velocities, as well as the effect law of the depression angle and wall-thickness-side-length ratio on the out-of-plane plateau stress of the concave pentagonal honeycomb, and the energy absorption per unit volume are summarized.