The work aims to discuss the release pathway and detection technology of microplastics from food packaging, tableware, kitchenware, processing machinery and other food contact materials, so as to provide suggestions for the selection of microplastics in food contact materials and analysis methods of diversified combinations, and provide basis for monitoring and research of microplastics and related toxic and harmful substances in food contact materials. The release pathways and affecting factors of microplastics in food contact materials were overviewed. The separation and enrichment technology of microplastics in food contact materials, as well as various detection technologies such as microscopy, light scattering, spectroscopy and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were systematically expounded. The application scope and characteristics of different technologies were compared and analyzed, and the framework and technical pathway of representative microplastics in food contact materials from sample treatment to particle analysis were put forward to identify the chemical composition, morphology, abundance, size and distribution of microplastics. For different samples and scenarios, it is necessary to select and combine a variety of technologies to achieve the optimal path. At the same time, standardized analysis methods and detection technologies are still a big challenge for microplastics risk assessment in food contact materials. More standardized operating procedures and detection technologies are needed to improve the accuracy of results.