The work aims to detect and analyze the content of volatile mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) components in paper food packaging products (such as boxes, bags, buckets, cups, etc.), so as to determine the volatility of volatile MOSH components in paper food packaging materials and products and the potential harm to packaged food (simulants). Samples were cut to small pieces (5 mm×5 mm), then extracted by solid phase microextraction, and lastly detected by headspace chromatography-mass spectrometry (HSGC-MS). The NIST mass spectral library, characteristic ion fragment and standard sample comparison were combined to conduct qualitative analysis. In order to determine the migration performance of the volatile MOSH components in each sample, the samples were taken, detected and analyzed by the method mentioned above after 6 months. Finally, the results of the two tests were compared, and the migration of the volatile MOSH components in the disposal paper food packaging materials and products on the market was judged to determine the impact on food safety. The results showed that all the 16 samples tested contained volatile MOSH components and their content decreased with time. The migration velocity of volatile MOSH components was lower in paper packaging products without printed graphic or with minimal graphic area. SPME-HSGC-MS is suitable for the detection and analysis of volatile (semi-volatile) MOSH components in paper packaging materials or products. In order to reduce the harm of volatile MOSH components to the human body in the paper food packaging materials and products, it is recommended to place paper packaging materials or products for a period of time without increasing storage pressure and increase the ventilation of storage space before using them for food packaging.