The work aims to design the transport package and the supporting retention system for radioactive materials according to the characteristics of the loaded contents and the existing mature transport and fixing methods to form a nuclear fuel transport system with good transport matching and convenient operation and provide reference for the safe transport of radioactive materials. Experiment and simulation methods were used to carry out penetration test, free drop test and puncture test on radioactive material transport package. The finite element simulation calculation was carried out on the design of retention system to verify the strength of retention structure. The test results indicated that transport package had good mechanical safety performance and could guarantee the containment of interior radioactive material after normal transport and transport accident conditions. Under the specified acceleration load, the maximum stress of the retention system was less than the yield strength of the material, which could meet the strength requirements for road transport. After safety analysis, the road transport system composed of the designed radioactive material transport package and supporting retention can meet the safety requirement of road transport for radioactive materials.