The work aims to obtain the general rule of effects of air speed combined with cargo parameters on the temperature change in refrigerated transport tanks during fresh-keeping transport. With refrigerated transport tanks containing litchi as research objects, a numerical model of a refrigerated transport tank containing litchi was established through computational fluid dynamics taking into account the computational heat of respiration and the heat radiation of the tank. The temperature distribution and change in the tank were obtained. With the increase of the speed at the air inlet inside the tank, the cooling range of litchi was obvious, and the most significant temperature change was in the gap between each stack of baskets. When the air speed of the fan was greater than 8 m/s, the cooling rate in the tank had no significant change. When the precooling temperature of litchi was below 10 ℃, the temperature uniformity in the tank can be improved; After 2 h transportation, the more the load, the average temperature drop range of litchi and air in the transport tank was less than 1 ℃, but the temperature uniformity became better. In fresh-keeping transport, the air speed has a great effect on the temperature change in the transport tank. Increasing the clearance of goods stacked is conducive to improving the heat transfer efficiency. If the goods are precooled in advance, the temperature uniformity in the box will be better. Increasing the load will increase the heat load in the tank, but the overall temperature change in the tank is little affected.