The work aims to elaborate the filtration mechanism and efficiency of medical masks, and review the current research status and application progress of intelligent indication labels in medical masks, so as to improve the protection efficiency of masks in daily use. Firstly, from the protective performance of medical masks, the application status on intelligent indication labels in medical masks was analyzed. Then, based on acid-base indicator color change, moisture-sensitive effect, antigen-antibody specific binding, a research in intelligent indication labels on them was conducted for gas, humidity and virus respectively to monitor real-time humidity, CO2 content and virus composition. Thus the protective performance of medical masks was determined. The research progress and working mechanism of intelligent labels in indication of protection effectiveness are clarified, providing ideas for innovative application of intelligent labels in medical protection.