Thework aims to propose a new type of foam and rubber composite lamellar energy absorption structure and analyze its static compression characteristics and buffering performance by simulation. The structure was composed of expandable polystyrene (EPS) and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) with three different thickness ratios (1∶3, 1∶1, 3∶1) and two kinds of stacking order. The results of its static compression deformation characteristics and energy absorption capacity were analyzed by LS-DYNA and compared with those of the two materials compressed separately. Both static compression deformation characteristics and energy absorption capacity of the two materials were unrelated to the stacking order, but only to the thickness ratio of the materials. Its bearing capacity, total energy absorption and platform stress were higher than single EPS, but the value of its specific energy absorption was between two single materials. It was 1/60-1/20 of that of single EPS. The buffering efficiency of composite lamellar structures varied at different stress levels, which could be improved by changing the proportion of EPS or EPDM sublayer thickness. The lamellar structure combining EPS and EPDM has certain advantages of bearing capacity and energy absorption, which provides a new idea and reference value for the design of buffer system against impact.