The work aim to reduce the moisture absorption properties of rubber wood by virtue of chemical agents to significantly improve the anti-mildew and anti-corrosion properties to solve the problems of mould, insects and decay caused by moisture absorption of rubber wood. In this work, rubber wood was impregnated with furfuryl alcohol, maleic anhydride and acetic anhydride. Its changes of moisture absorption property were tested by moisture absorption weight gain rate, dynamic contact angle analysis and FTIR analysis; the effectiveness of control against biological attack was evaluated by airborne miscellaneous bacteria, white rot and brown rot bacteria. The results showed that the chemical treatment could reduce the moisture absorption of rubber wood to different degrees. The moisture absorption rate of furfuryl alcohol and maleic anhydride treated wood could be reduced by 13.13%-67.18%, while the moisture absorption of acetic anhydride treated wood increased first and then decreased. The biological resistance results showed that furfuryl alcohol could significantly improve the anti-mildew and anti-bacterial properties of rubber wood, and the resistance of 4 h treated wood to white rot fungus increased by 45.92% and to brown rot fungus increased by 16.61%; maleic anhydride and acetic anhydride also had certain inhibitory effect on the growth of microorganisms. Maleic anhydride, furfuryl alcohol and acetic anhydride impregnation of rubber wood reduces the free hydroxyl content and thus reduces the moisture absorption, which significantly improves its anti-mildew and anti-corrosion properties. The the best biological resistance can be obtained by furfuryl alcohol impregnation of rubber wood for 4h.