The work aims to conduct drop simulation analysis of steel drum considering fluid-structure interaction and optimize the key structure of steel drum under the condition of ensuring its anti-drop performance, so as to realize lightweight design of the steel drum. With 210 L steel drum as an example, Ansys Workbench was used to establish a finite element model to conduct drop simulation analysis under three working conditions including vertical drop, edge drop and corner drop. Its optimal design model was established, and multi-objective optimal design was carried out. The total deformation and equivalent stress of the steel drum under three working conditions were obtained. It was found that the weak positions of the steel drum were at the bottom and the ring bars, and the maximum deformation and stress were obtained under the corner drop condition. Multi-objective optimization design was carried out by changing the wall thickness of the steel drum and the distance of the ring bars, and the optimal design point was obtained. When the wall thickness was set to 1.1 mm and the positions of ring bars were symmetrical and all 233.17 mm, the weight of the steel drum could be reduced and its drop resistance could be guaranteed. Through the drop strength fluid-structure interaction simulation analysis and multi-objective optimization design of the steel drum, an optimized structure that meets structural strength and reduces material consumption is obtained, which reduces packaging costs and provides theoretical support and design reference for lightweight design of packaging products.