This paper aims to effectively quantify the damage to Korla fragrant pear caused by impact load and realize the quantitative evaluation of impact damage to Korla fragrant pears. In this paper, Korla fragrant pears of different maturity are used as test materials. Exploring the relationship between impact height and damage degree of Korla fragrant pear at different maturity. The model of impact height and damage degree of fragrant pear was established. According to the electrical characteristic detection system, a quantitative model of the electrical parameter Cp (parallel equivalent capacitance) and the impact damage degree under different test frequencies was constructed. Under the same impact height, the damage degree of the Korla fragrant pear is proportional to maturity. When the maturity was H1-H5, no damage was found on the surface of the Korla fragrant pear after impact with corrugated cardboard from a height of 30 cm. When the impact height was 150 cm, the epidermis was damaged by fragrant pears for all maturities. The determination coefficient R2 value of the quantitative model of impact height and damage degree of fragrant pear with different maturity ranges from 0.984 9 to 0.998 5, which can effectively quantitatively evaluate the relationship between impact height and damage degree of pear with different maturity. At the same test frequency, Cp increased with an increase in the damage degree of Korla fragrant pears. As the test frequency increases, the value of the electrical parameter Cp decreases. The quantitative model average R2 value of the quantitative model under different maturities for the five test frequencies was ranked from high to low as 1 kHz, 1 MHz, 10 kHz, 100 kHz, and 100 Hz. Under the test frequency of 1 kHz, the constructed quantitative model of the electrical parameters Cp and impact damage area has the best detection effect, which can effectively quantitatively evaluate the damage degree of fragrant pears. The construction of this model provides a reference theoretical basis for identifying the impact damage of fragrant pears.