The work aims to form an evaluation system for the quality stability of tow-flavored filter rods. In the experiment, purge & trap-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (P&T-GC-MS) combined with ''similarity evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprint'' was used to analyze the characteristic flavor components in the tow-flavored filter rods to establish the P&T-GC-MS fingerprint. Then, the similarity was calculated by Euclidean distance method, and the difference in various batches of samples was evaluated by cluster analysis. The similarity of different batches of tow-flavored filter rods with the same concentration was higher than 0.920 and the quality stability of samples between and in batches was better. The RSD of the peak area and retention time of each characteristic flavor component was lower than 1.70%, indicating that the method had good precision, stability and reproducibility. The established standard fingerprints of the tow-flavored filter rods were consistent with the cluster analysis results, and could effectively identify different concentrations of tow-flavored filter rods. This method can provide a reference for evaluating the quality stability of tow-flavored filter rods.