The effect of temperature and humidity on the surface microbial contamination of starch-based meal boxes and the degradation behavior of starch-based meal boxes by using composting bacteria bury method were studied. The microorganisms were cultured by potato glucose agar medium, and the bacterial colony could be identified as mold by microscopic examination if the colour, morphology and texture conformed to the general characteristics of mold. Secondly, the quantity of mold bacterial colonies contained in different starch-based meal boxes differed considerably (P<0.05), with the order of the quantity of bacterial colonies S-A>S-D>S-F>S-B>S-E>S-C. The degradation degree of different starch-based meal boxes under composting bacteria bury varied largely as well (P<0.05), with the order of weight loss S-B>S-A>S-F>S-D>S-C>S-E. The difference of meal boxes' moisture absorption caused by the difference of starch content, surface distribution as well as amylose-amylopectin ratio in meal boxes was part of the important reasons for the difference of mold deterioration and degradation. With more starch distribution on its surface, the starch-based meal box had a fast degradation speed.