The aim of this study is to seek efficient preservation technology which is more suitable for industrial application through systematically reviewing the existing postharvest storage and preservation technology. Based on different principles, the existing physical, chemical and biological preservation technologies and comprehensive preservation methods, were systematically introduced in this paper. The action mechanism and advantages and disadvantages of the existing technologies were analyzed and discussed, and their application effects on the postharvest storage and preservation of citrus fruits were compared through related research. For the control of citrus blue mold and green mold, the chemical fungicide is the most effective method, and the safer natural extract and edible coating are the main development direction. Compared with chemical methods, physical methods such as heat treatment, irradiation, controlled atmosphere and ozone are greener and safer technologies. Although biological preservatives have certain effects in vitro, they are often ineffective in practical application. At the same time, a single preservation technology can not achieve the high efficiency required by industrial application. Therefore, the integrated control and preservation methods combined with a variety of preservation technologies will become the focus of future research.