Static compression test is carried out on the basis of orthogonal test to study the influence of the specification, initial air pressure, temperature and compression rate of pillow-shaped air cushion on its cushioning performance, to explore the primary and secondary factors influencing its cushioning performance under static compression test. A set of test variables are obtained to make the cushioning performance of pillow-shaped air cushion good and stable, and an optimal selection method for pillow-shaped air cushion is proposed. An orthogonal test table of L9 = (34) is designed by means of orthogonal test, and then static compression test is carried out with pillow-shaped air cushion as the research object. The experimental results are summarized and sorted out, and range analysis is carried out on the basis of which synthetic optimization selection is carried out. The order of the influence of several factors to be studied on cushioning performance of pillow-shaped air cushion is arranged by this method, so as to select a pillow-shaped air cushion with stable and excellent cushioning performance. Through the range analysis, the order of the factors that affect the cushioning performance of the pillow-shaped air cushion is obtained, from the main to the next, namely the specification of the pillow-shaped air cushion, the initial gas pressure, the temperature and the compression rate. Then combined with the ease of operation of the test, the pillow-shaped air cushion has a specification of 100 mm×150 mm, an initial inflation pressure of 5 kPa, a temperature of 30 ℃, and a compression rate of 100 mm/min. Therefore, a set of test factors which make the pillow-shaped air cushion good and stable are determined. The study shows that it is feasible to select the pillow-shaped air cushion with the best cushioning performance synthetically by orthogonal test method, the results also clarify the sequence of the four test variables' influence on the cushioning performance of pillow-shaped air cushion, which can also provide reference for the subsequent similar cushioning packaging test and design.