In order to improve the quality of food freezing, it is necessary to optimize the structural size and internal flow field of impact freezer to optimize its freezing efficiency. Four factors influencing the heat transfer characteristics of the freezer, namely nozzle shape and size, arrangement of jet impingement, variation of nozzle to conveyor belt distance and nozzle spacing, and freezer import and export pressure were reviewed. By reviewing the cases of of CFD technology and experimental research in these four aspects of heat transfer optimization of freezer, the law of heat transfer in this kind of freezer was summarized. This study provides a theoretical support for the optimal design of the new quick freezer.