To study the properties of oxidized nanocellulose/lactic streptococcus element (TONCC/nisin) gel particles and its application in the environmental protection antibacterial foam. TONCC/nisin hydrogels and microgels were prepared by the adsorption coupling of surface carboxyl groups of TONCC and surface cations of nisin. TONCC/nisin/AESO Pickering emulsion was prepared by using microgels as stable particles and epoxy soybean oil acrylate (AESO) as oil phase. Meanwhile, the stability of hydrogels, microgels and emulsions was studied. Finally, the antibacterial foam material was obtained by heat curing emulsion, and its structure and antibacterial effect were characterized. The structure of hydrogel changes with the extension of the duration of immersion in water, which is manifested as collapse deformation at the macro level, nisin is gradually precipitated out, and the particle size of microgel changes little with the extension of the standing time. AESO emulsions stabilized with microgel as interfacial stabilizer showed good thermal stability. No coalescence occurred in the emulsion droplet after heating for 30 min at 90 ℃. The porous foam material formed after curing of the emulsion had a significant inhibitory effect on listeria. When nisin content was 2 μg/g in the foam, the antibacterial rate was 43%. The microgel particles formed by TONCC and Nisin have good stability in water and can be used to emulsify AESO to prepare Pickering foam. Meanwhile, the foam is also porous and antibacterial, which has great potential in preparing environmentally friendly antibacterial foam.