The work aims to solve the problems of the poor interface compatibility between polymers caused by coir dust and the weak mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites with coir fiber as reinforcement. The influence of chemical modification pretreatment methods such as acid-base treatment, coupling agent treatment, graft copolymerization treatment, etc. on the interface compatibility, dispersibility and adhesion between components of coir fiber and polymer was explored and the importance of strengthening the coir fiber composite material was analyzed to improve the mechanical properties of coir fiber buffer packing materials. As a by-product of coir processing, coir fiber has a series of advantages such as high strength, strong toughness, moisture and corrosion resistance, insect resistance and good air permeability. Efficient and reasonable modification of the biological characteristics can not only improve the utilization value of coir fiber, but also provide more options for enhancing the mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites as reinforcement, thus providing a solid theoretical basis for realizing high-value utilization of coir fiber plant resources. At the same time, the application prospect of bio-based nanocomposites prepared by coir fiber is expected and the potential value of coir fiber in the field of modern packing is discovered.