The work aims to prepare the monodisperse nano-copper particles in a green way and study the effect of modification on its oxidation resistance based on the shortcomings of nano-copper being easily oxidized in air. Nano-copper particles were prepared by reduction of Cu2+ with ascorbic acid by the glycerol-water binary solvothermal method. The effects of glycerol/water volume ratio, ascorbic acid dosage and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) concentration on the particle size and dispersibility of nano-copper were studied. The surface modification treatment of nano-copper was carried out with citric acid and oleic acid. The study showed that, under the following conditions: glycerol/water volume ratio of 3︰2, ascorbic acid concentration of 0.004 mol/L, and PVP concentration of 0.006 mol/L, nano-copper with uniform particle size ((80±10) nm) and good dispersibility could be obtained. The nano-copper preserved in a vacuum environment had only a pure copper crystal phase, but was partially oxidized to copper oxide or cuprous oxide after being stored in air for 30 days. The citric acid modified nano-copper could maintain good thermal stability at 243 ℃. Nano-copper prepared by glycerol-water binary solvothermal method has uniform particle size and good dispersibility. The modification with citric acid and oleic acid can significantly improve the oxidation resistance and thermal stability of nano-copper. After modification, it is not oxidized after being stored in air for 30 days.