The work aims to summarize the components, property, morpho-ultrastructure and biosynthetic and transport pathway of fruit epicuticular wax, so as to discuss the mechanism and relationship between the epicuticular wax and fruit storability, and predict how to prolong the storage period of fruits. Literature analysis was carried out to clarify the research scope and hot spots of the relationship between the epicuticular wax and fruit storability. The related research results were sorted out and summarized from the components, property and morpho-ultrastructure of fruit epicuticular wax, the relationship between fruit epicuticular wax and postharvest shelf-life of fruit, as well as the function, biosynthetic and transport pathway of fruit epicuticular wax. The application prospect of epicuticular wax research in postharvest storage of fruits was also prospected. The epicuticular wax on the outer surface of fruit is a natural defensive barrier to fruits, playing important roles in preventing the water loss of fruit, keeping fruit surface clean, protecting fruit from invasions of pathogens, and consequently enhances storability of fruits.