The paper aims to overview the biosynthesis progress and influencing factors of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and its application in packaging industry to optimize its production process, reduce its production cost and increase its production. By means of analysis and summary of the research status and achievements in recent years at home and abroad, the biosynthetic process, the main factors affecting PHAs production and its application in packaging were introduced. The yield of PHAs synthesized by aerobic instantaneous feeding method is higher than that by micro-aerobic-aerobic process. At the same time, the substrate type, C/N ratio, pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration and temperature have a great influence on the yield and composition of PHAs. In addition, as a degradable material, PHAs has a broad development space in the packaging field. Therefore, optimizing the synthesis process and influencing factors of PHAs, reducing its production cost, and enhancing the production and product performance are the key directions for concern in the future.