The work aims to optimize the use of wood resources of different materials, and study the mechanical properties of wood packaging box for a kind of mechanical and electrical product. The 3D model of the packaging box was built by UG software, and the theoretical analysis on sleeper and longitudinal beam of the bottom frame of the packaging box was carried out. The maximum deflection and the maximum bending stress of the packaging box made of pine wood and poplar wood under the stacking condition were obtained. Then, the finite element analysis and comparison of the two kinds of packaging boxes for mechanical and electrical products were carried out based on Ansys Workbench. The results obtained by theoretical analysis and finite element method were basically the same. The maximum error was only 7.962%. The maximum deflection of poplar packaging box was larger than that of pine wood, but the maximum bending stress was the same as that of pine wood under the same load conditions. Poplar wood instead of pine wood is used as packaging material for mechanical and electrical products, which fully meets the requirements of strength and stiffness.