The work aims to summarize the research progress of phase change cold storage technology in food cold chain transportation and provide some research ideas for the development of cold chain transportation. The application of phase change cold storage technology in cold storage refrigerating vehicle, cold storage incubator and other cold chain transportation equipment was reviewed; and the phase change cold storage materials, the combination of cold storage technology and thermal insulation material, the influencing factors of internal temperature distribution in the transportation process and the new transportation mode were mainly discussed. The results indicated that, phase change cold storage technology had wide application field and large development space in all kinds of transportation equipment of food cold chain. Phase change cold storage technology is an effective method to improve energy utilization efficiency and has broad application prospect in cold chain transportation system. The research on phase change cold storage materials, thermal insulation materials, the stable distribution of temperature during transportation and the multi-temperature blending technology are the future research directions.