The work aims to analyze and calculate the penetration area of suction conveyor so as to meet the requirement of stable conveying of slice material by suction conveyor. By taking the material as the search object and establishing the force model, the mathematical model of the penetration area was established to analyze the influence of the relevant parameter on the penetration area. In order to ensure the stable transportation of materials, the operating acceleration of the suction conveyor belt and the area of the absorption force generated by the suction box on the slice materials had a certain relationship with the adsorption negative pressure of the suction box on the materials. The formula for calculating the total penetration area of suction conveyor was deduced, and the influence of the radius and spacing of the holes on the suction conveyor belt and the suction box on the penetration area and variation was obtained. According to the design requirement of suction conveyor, obtaining the corresponding penetration area by selecting relevant parameters can provide a basis for the design and optimization of the suction conveyor.