The work aims to study the effects of modified atmosphere fresh-keeping packaging combined with 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on postharvest physiology of loquat fruits. The early and late-maturing varieties of "Baiyu" and "Fengyu" loquat fruits were selected as experimental materials, treated with 1-MCP and then stored at (6±1)℃ in modified atmosphere fresh-keeping packaging (thickness: 35 μm). The postharvest physiological characteristics and the difference in storage performances among different varieties were observed. The results showed that, the decrease of fruit hardness, soluble solids and titratable acid content could be inhibited, the browning of loquat and increase of peroxidase (POD) activity could be delayed, the rot rate of loquat could be reduced, and the decline of the activity of polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and Lipoxygenase (LOX) in loquat fruits was promoted with 1-MCP treatment. The respiration rate, POD and PPO activity and browning index of Baiyu loquat were higher, LOX activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased significantly, and its hardness and nutrient content were lower than those of Fengyu. The rot rate of Fengyu loquat was higher than Baiyu. The modified atmosphere fresh-keeping packaging combined with 1-MCP treatment postpones the decline of nutrients and then delays the browning and senescence process of loquat during cold storage. The browning rate and membrane lipid peroxidation degree of early-maturing variety of Baiyu loquat were higher.