The work aims to solve the problem that such appearance packaging defects as missing cigarette's exterior transparent paper, bubbles and wrinkles, poor pasting, antifenite packaging, missing tear band, and tear band dislocation can not be effectively detected and eliminated in the production process of BV packaging machine. A new visual detection system for cigarette appearance of BV packaging machine was designed to realize the automatic and accurate detection and elimination of the cigarettes with appearance defects by means of dynamic image collection, image recognition and processing, mounting bracket design, installation of industrial cameras, collection of trigger pulses and design of culling devices. After the implementation of visual detection system, the detection and elimination rate of the appearance defect cigarette was≥99.8%, and the error rate was≤0.01%. The visual detection system can improve the appearance quality of products, reduce the material consumption, and play a certain role in ensuring lean production and lean processing. The system and technology can be applied to all single-machine packaging equipment in the industry.