The work aims to introduce the application of several common nanomaterials in the food package, summarize the detection technologies and characterization methods of nanomaterials in the food package, and evaluate their safety. The applications of nanomaterials including Ag nanomaterials, TiO2 nanomaterials, ZnO nanomaterials, SiO2 nanomaterials, nanoclay, nano-zeolite and other nanocomposites in food package were illuminated. The characterization methods including imaging display technology, chromatography and/or spectroscopy technology and spectrum analysis techniques used to characterize nanomaterials in food package were listed. The migration risk and toxicology of nanomaterials in food package were discussed. Nanomaterials can effectively improve the fresh-keeping effect, antibacterial ability and barrier properties of food packaging materials, and have wide market application prospects. In addition, the safety of food packaging materials cannot be ignored. The research on the risk assessment system for food contact nanomaterials should also be strengthened.