目的 以翻转框架为研究对象，采用有限元对其进行轻量化设计，在满足强度和工作性能的条件下最大程度地减轻其质量。方法 针对翻转框架的实际工况，利用拓扑优化和尺寸优化对翻转框架进行轻量化设计。在满足工作性能和翻转框架强度的基础上，对在上料工况和极限工况下的翻转框架进行强度分析，基于分析结果，对翻转框架先后进行拓扑优化和尺寸优化，并对比分析优化前后翻转框架的强度情况。结果 优化后的翻转框架强度满足要求，其减重幅度达到了17%。结论 设计出的卸料机翻转框架结构满足其强度和工作性能的要求，并达到了较好的轻量化效果。

The work aims to carry out the lightweight design in the finite element method, to minimize its weight when the strength and working performance are met, with the turn frame as the research object. In view of the actual conditions of the turn frame, its weight was reduced by means of the topology optimization and size optimization. The strength of the turn frame was analyzed under the loading and extreme working conditions on the basis of meeting the working performance and the strength of turn frame. The topology optimization and size optimization of the turn frame were consecutively carried out based on the analysis results. The strengths of the turn frame before and after the optimization were compared and analyzed. After the optimization, the strength of the turn frame met the requirements, and its weight was reduced by 17%. The turn frame structure of the unloading machine designed meets the strength and working performance requirements and achieves a better lightweight effect.