目的 分析植物纤维材料制成的可降解餐具容器抗冲击性能，建立其跌落动态有限元模型。方法 利用万能试验机对植物纤维片材进行拉伸试验，得到其本构行为；建立餐具容器有限元模型，利用ABAQUS/Explict研究餐具容器在平、斜跌落2种冲击载荷下的破损规律。结果 在平跌落情况下，底部出现了放射性的裂纹，这是由植物纤维断裂演化的应变较小导致；斜跌落相较于平跌落失效情况更严重。结论 所得结果能为评估餐具容器的动态强度提供数据参考。

The work aims to analyze the shock resistance of biodegradable tableware container made of plant fiber materials and establish its dynamic finite element model for the dropping. Tensile test of plant fiber sheet was done with universal testing machine, and its constitutive behavior was obtained; the finite element model for tableware container was established, and the damage law of tableware container under impact load from flat dropping and oblique dropping was researched through ABAQUS/Explict. In the case of flat dropping, radioactive crack appeared at the bottom, which was caused by less strain of fracture evolution of plant fiber; and in the case of oblique dropping, the failure was more serious than flat dropping. The results obtained can provide data reference for the evaluation of dynamic strength of the container.