目的 研究苹果的损伤率与临界损伤脆值的关系。方法 利用自制摆锤冲击试验机设计多个高度的苹果跌落试验，分析苹果跌落冲击过程的损伤特性，得到临界跌落高度；在临界跌落高度以上的高度进行跌落试验，得到苹果在跌落过程中的加速度-时间曲线。结果 结合试样在不同高度跌落所得的峰值加速度幅值，得到了试样的损伤脆值；根据不同跌落高度下的苹果的损伤体积，得到了苹果在不同损伤率下的损伤脆值。结论 研究得到的损伤脆值与损伤率的关系对苹果缓冲包装的改进具有参考意义。

The work aims to study the relationship between damage rate and critical bruise fragility of apple. The apple dropping test at multiple heights was designed by the self-made pendulum impact testing machine, the damage characteristics of apple in the drop impact process were analyzed, and the critical dropping height was obtained. The acceleration-curves of apple in the dropping process were obtained from drop test conducted at the place above the critical dropping height. In combination with the peak acceleration amplitude obtained from the test samples dropped at different heights, the bruise fragility of test samples was obtained. According to the apple's damage volume at different dropping heights, the bruise fragility of apple under various damage rates was obtained. The relationship between bruise fragility and damage rate obtained from the study provides reference for the improvement of apple's cushion packaging.