目的 弹载记录仪在回收过程中，存在记录仪因硬着陆产生的高冲击力和高过载加速度使仪器损毁而致有效数据失效的现象。针对该问题设计新型双层壳体两级缓冲隔离的电路防护结构，并进行性能测试。方法 结合Ansys/Workbench有限元数值模拟软件仿真分析该结构在冲击过程中的形变和受冲击过载特性，同时使用马歇特锤对使用该防护结构的记录仪模拟高冲击、高过载环境实验，由记录仪存储双层防护壳体内外嵌入的加速度传感器信号，并对多次试验信号数据进行处理和分析。结果 在过载加速度小于25 000g时，该多层防护结构具有良好的缓冲效果，对记录仪保护效果良好；各层材料的声阻抗差别会影响整体保护效果，差别越大效果越好。结论 该防护结构在高过载冲击环境下能有效衰减冲击效应，保护电子设备的安全。

The work aims to design a new type of double-layer buffer-isolation circuit protective structure and conduct performance test, with respect to the problem that the valid data fails because the recorder is damaged by the high impact and high overload acceleration due to hard landing in the recovery process of missile-borne recorder. The deformation and overload characteristics of the structure in the impact process were simulated and analyzed in combination with Ansys/Workbench finite element numerical simulation software, and the Marshall hammer was adopted to simulate the high impact and high overload environment experiments on the recorder with the protective structure. The recorder stored the signals of acceleration sensors embedded inside and outside the double-layer protection enclosure. Then, the data from multiple tests were processed and analyzed. When the overload acceleration was less than 25 000g, the multilayer protective structure had good cushioning effect and could properly protect the recorder; and the acoustic impedance difference of each layer of materials would affect the overall protection effect. The greater the difference was, the better the effect was. The protective structure can effectively reduce the impact effect to protect the electronic equipment in the high overload impact environment.