目的 解决精密轴承现有包装在运输过程中受到振动和冲击影响易导致其接触面间的表面质量下降的问题。方法 提出了一种刚柔结合的精密轴承包装方法，通过预紧力定位装置消除轴承滚动体与内圈两者间游隙，结合缓冲衬垫对包装件进行防护。通过应力-应变原理设计预紧力定位装置结构，并利用有限元软件模拟该装置与轴承相互作用的工作过程，研究该过程中轴承受力变化情况及预紧装置的力学表现。结果 仿真结果显示定位装置对轴承施加预紧力后游隙消失，且轴承的弹性变形在可承受范围内。通过对整体包装件进行自由跌落试验，测得轴承受到的冲击加速度小于50G，并检测轴承接触表面无损伤。结论 所提出的精密轴承包装方法能够对精密轴承提供保护作用。

The work aims to solve the problem of vibration and impact in transportation caused to the existing package of precision bearing, which tends to result in the quality deterioration of surface between its contact surfaces. A packaging method for precision bearing in rigid-flexible combination was proposed to eliminate the clearance between rollers and inner ring through pre-tightening force positioning device. The packaging pieces were protected combined with the buffering cushion. Based on stress-strain theory, the pre-tightening force positioning device was designed, and the processing of such device contacting with the bearing was simulated with FEM software. The bearing stress change and the mechanical representation of pre-tightening device during the said process were studied. The simulation results showed that the clearance was eliminated after the positioning device applied pre-tightening force on the bearing, and the elastic deformation of the bearing was acceptable. Through the free-fall test done on the whole packaging pieces, the measured impact acceleration borne by the bearing was less than 50G. According to the detection, the bearing contact surface was not damaged. The proposed packaging method can protect the precision bearing.