目的 研究影响野战军械仓库布局的因素及仓库布局的优化方法。方法 融合运用专家打分法和层次分析法(EAHP)，对弹药保障点的重要度进行评价，综合考虑弹药保障点重要度、弹药需求量、各弹药保障点之间的距离等因素，建立野战军械仓库布局优化模型，并利用免疫优化算法求解模型。结果 Matlab仿真结果表明，运用免疫算法求解野战军械仓库最优布局时，选择合适的原始参数是非常重要的，因为它不仅会影响算法的收敛速度，而且还影响最终的优化结果。结论 综合运用EAHP和免疫算法来优化野战军械仓库布局的方法取得了令人满意的优化结果。

The work aims to study the factors influencing the layout of field ordnance warehouse and the optimization methods of warehouse layout. The importance of ammunition support site was evaluated in combination with expert scoring method and analytic hierarchy process (EAHP). Field ordnance warehouse layout optimization model was established by comprehensively considering importance of ammunition support site, quantity demanded for ammunition, distance between all the ammunition support sites and other factors. Moreover, the model was solved with immune optimization algorithm. Matlab simulation results showed that it was important to select appropriate original parameters when the immune algorithm was applied to solve the optimized layout of field ordnance warehouse, as such parameters not only affected the algorithm's convergence speed, but also affected the final optimization results. Satisfactory results of optimized layout of field ordnance warehouse are obtained by synthesizing the methods of EAHP and immune algorithm.