目的 通过有限元分析和优化设计2种现代机械零部件设计的主要途径，来改善已研究的工业机械零件的强度、质量等。方法 通过在三维软件中建立机器人转动关节固定支架的三维模型，应用ADAMS仿真软件进行动态仿真，得出支架在关节转动状态下的受力分析，然后根据分析的数据结果在Ansys Workbench下进行受力分析和优化设计。结果 固定支架的自身质量减少了21.7%，但整体强度加强了。结论 此方法优化效果良好，可以明显改善机械零部件结构的质量和强度等。

The work aims to improve the strength and weight, etc. of the studied industrial mechanical parts through such two main methods as finite element analysis and optimal design used to design modern mechanical components and parts. By building the 3D model of rotary joint fixed support for robot based on 3D software and carrying out dynamic simulation with ADAMS simulation software, the stress analysis of the support under the condition of the rotary joint was obtained. Then stress analysis and optimal design were conducted in the Ansys Workbench according to the data results analyzed. The weight of the fixed support decreased by 21.7%, and the overall strength was enhanced. The optimization method works well and it can significantly improve the weight and strength of the structures of mechanical components and parts.