目的 研究提梁开口塑料桶和无提梁开口塑料桶等2类危险品包装用桶的跌落力学响应。方法 建立含有液体内盛物的2类塑料桶跌落有限元模型，并获得2类塑料桶在不同跌落高度下的应力场。结果 提梁塑料桶的易渗漏位置位于桶顶，无提梁塑料桶的易渗漏位置位于桶体与地面接触处；无提梁塑料桶抗跌落冲击的性能优于提梁塑料桶。结论 在设计开口塑料桶过程中，应关注桶顶的形状与尺寸设计，以减少液体冲击桶顶引起的应力集中。

This study aims to investigate the mechanical response of bucket with a handle and bucket without a handle in different dropping conditions. The finite element models of the two kinds of buckets with fluid were established. And the stress fields of the buckets were obtained at different dropping heights. The easily leak location of the bucket with a handle was located on its top, and that of the bucket without a handle was located on the contact point between the bucket and the ground; the resistance to dropping impact of the bucket without a handle was superior to that of the bucket with a handle. In the design process of the opening plastic bucket, the size and the shape of the bucket top should be paid more attention to so as to reduce the stress concentration caused by the fluid impact.