目的 论述以天然高分子生物为原料的非石油基生物降解塑料的研究现状。方法 对从20世纪80年代以来， 研究人员采用改性、 高分子设计、 纳米技术、 转基因技术发展非石油基生物降解塑料的研究进程、 成果、 应用和展望进行较系统的综述和探讨。结论 目前形成的天然高分子化学改性—纳米改性复合—转基因作物生产的研发链及成果呈现出美好前景， 在食品和医药包装上获得了越来越广泛的应用， 今后应进一步解决文中提出的关键技术和安全性评价。

This article aimed to review the current research status of nonpetroleum-based biodegradable plastics using natural biopolymers as materials. The research progresses, achievements, applications and prospects of developing nonpetroleum-based biodegradable plastics using modification, polymer design, nano technology and transgenic technology from 1980s onwards were systematically reviewed and discussed. The R & D chain consisting of chemical modification of natural polymer-nano modified composite-transgenic crop production formed showed a bright future, and has been more and more widely used in food and pharmaceutical packaging. In future, we must further solve the key technology and safety evaluation problems raised in this paper.