目的 研究不同相带第1匝发生短路故障对永磁电机失磁的影响。方法 利用有限元法， 在对电机的设计参数及绕组结构进行介绍的基础上， 运用ansoft软件建立了永磁电机模型， 并计算了不同故障类型对永磁电机的失磁影响； 提取了不同故障下， 永磁电机短路线圈的电流变化波形和磁密矢量分布图； 从绕组分布的2个不同方面,讨论了不同相带的第1匝发生短路故障时， 去磁磁场的大小、 失磁区域的大小和失磁区域分布之间的关系。结果 失磁区域的大小和分布与短路线圈的空间位置有关。结论 该研究结果可以作为判断短路线圈与永磁体失磁位置的依据， 也为永磁同步电机的设计提供了技术参考。

This study aimed to analyze the permanent magnets of PMSM demagnetized by first turn of the different phase belt short circuit fault. Firstly, parameters and coil structure of the designed machines were introduced. Secondly, the Finite Element model of PMSM was established with the ansoft software, which was used to simulate the permanent magnets of PMSM demagnetized by different fault types. Thirdly, current curves of short circuited coils and motor flux density vector of permanent-magnet motor were extracted under different faults. From two different aspects of the distribution of the winding, the relationship among the size of the demagnetization magnetic field, the size of the demagnetization area and the distribution of the demagnetization area were studied when first turn of the different phase belt short circuit faults occur. Our results proved that the demagnetization area and the distribution of the demagnetization area are related to the spatial position of the short circuit coils. Taken together, our findings not only can be used as the basis for judging short circuited coils and location of the demagnetization area, but also provide the technical reference for the design of permanent magnet synchronous motor.